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Several MAP kinases are involved in the signal
2024-04-09

Several MAP kinases are involved in the signal transduction pathways that lead to the upregulations of inflammatory mediators. Moreover, transcriptional activations of STATs are regulated by MAP kinases, as evidenced by reports that p38 MAPK is necessary for the S727 phosphorylation of STATs (Kovari
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br Animal models of NAFLD Human research has greatly shaped
2024-04-08

Animal models of NAFLD Human research has greatly shaped our understanding of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, but several limitations exist in studying the disease processes in humans, such as variations in environmental exposure, pre-existing genetic risk factors, racial and ethnic difference
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br Conflict s of interest br
2024-04-08

Conflict(s) of interest Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of childhood blindness Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease of premature infants which disrupts normal retinal vascularization (Fleck and McIntosh, 2008). With increased survival of extremely premature infants
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MG0103 synthesis AdipoRon is an orally active
2024-04-08

AdipoRon is an orally active, synthetic small molecule that activates adiponectin receptor (AdipoR). It mimics the antidiabetic effects of adiponectin, exhibiting its effect through the activation of AMPK and PPARα pathways via AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, respectively (Fig. 2) [62]. AdipoR activation has r
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br Occurrence of Inosine in RNA Inosine is widespread among
2024-04-08

Occurrence of Inosine in RNA Inosine is widespread among various types of RNAs including transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA). Within these RNAs, inosine can appear in different locations as well. Table 1 lists examples
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The total IgG concentration decreased from
2024-04-08

The total IgG concentration decreased from a mean of 997 mg/100 ml before treatment to a mean of 696 after treatment in the MuSK+MG patients, and from a mean of 1736 mg/100 ml to a mean of 802 mg/100 ml in the AChR+MG patients (normal values 723–1685 mg/100 ml). This decrement was also statistically
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Patients with AAG often respond to intravenous immunoglobuli
2024-04-08

Patients with AAG often respond to intravenous immunoglobulin or plasma exchange. If these therapies are inadequate, ongoing immune suppression with steroids, azathioprine, mycophenylate or rituximab have been shown to be effective in case reports. Our patient seemed initially resistant to steroid t
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Macrophage polarization is linked to activation of the ligan
2024-04-08

Macrophage polarization is linked to activation of the ligand-dependent transcription factor PPARγ. Recently, Odegaard et al. demonstrated with a macrophage-specific deletion of PPARγ in mice that alternative macrophage activation is impaired [14]. We provided evidence that contact to apoptotic Flur
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Since innate immune responses represent the first defense
2024-04-08

Since innate immune responses represent the first defense against incoming infectious microorganisms, they are particularly engaged during the early stages of viral infections. Many innate defense mechanisms rely on the engagement of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which are conserved, germ lin
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2024-04-08

Materials and methods Results Discussion Proteomics analyses generate mountains of data, expression information for hundreds or thousands of proteins in a single experiment (Wojcik and Schächter, 2000). Recently proteomics and bioinformatics provide new understandings about the processes in
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The allosteric site of class C receptors
2024-04-07

The allosteric site of class C receptors is generally located on the extracellular side of the TM domain (Brauner-Osborne et al., 2007, Christopher et al., 2015, Dore et al., 2014, Gregory et al., 2011, Harpsoe et al., 2017, Kniazeff et al., 2011, Pin and Prezeau, 2007, Urwyler, 2011, Wu et al., 201
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In summary this report demonstrates another successful appli
2024-04-07

In summary, this report demonstrates another successful application of gene editing in iPSCs. Despite the lack of efficient metabolic functional repair after transplantation, the application of gene correction into HLCs might still be a realistic goal for ex vivo gene therapy of liver diseases with
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2024-04-07

Materials and methods Results Discussion Our results revealed that LPS injection in rats impaired fear memory in the PA task. This results are in agreement with the most of previous studies reported that following acute [23,24,39,[45], [46], [47]] or chronic systemic SKF 83566 hydrobromide
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A number of interesting anti inflammatory molecules
2024-04-07

A number of interesting anti-inflammatory molecules have also been identified that are derived from AA or ω−3 fatty acids, including the lipoxins (for “lipoxygenase interaction products”), resolvins, and protectins [18], [19] (Fig. 1). The lipoxins are synthesized from AA by 5-, 12-, and 15-LOX, as
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br Acknowledgements This work was supported by
2024-04-07

Acknowledgements This work was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (IOS- 1353366), the Hatch Program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (VA-135908) and the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, to G.P. Introduction With steadily rising number of affect
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