• br Significance Our understanding of the ubiquitin biology h

  2021-07-30

  

  Significance Our understanding of the ubiquitin biology has been rapidly expanding. The role of the ubiquitin system in the pathogenesis of numerous disease states has increased the interest in finding new strategies to pharmacologically interfere with the enzymes responsible of the ubiquitinatio

• br A brief introduction to DUBs

  2021-07-30

  

  A brief introduction to DUBs The reversal of ubiquitin conjugation of targeted proteins relies on deubiquitinating smad pathway (DUBs), which catalytically cleave single Ub or poly-ubiquitin chains from proteins. The human genome encodes approximately 100 potential DUBs which can be classified in

• Recently naphthoquinone derivatives have shown promising res

  2021-07-30

  

  Recently, naphthoquinone derivatives have shown promising results as antiparasitic lead compounds [28]. Conjugated hybrid compounds could be an effective path to discovery of new drugs by associating two different pharmacophore groups with different mechanisms of action in a single molecule [29,30],

• The discoidin domain receptors DDR and DDR

  2021-07-30

  

  The discoidin domain receptors, DDR1 and DDR2, are receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that are stimulated by collagen in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Unlike most other RTKs, they form ligand-independent stable dimers that are non-covalently linked. This ECM activation induces receptor phosphorylati

• Recently we have demonstrated that the synthesis

  2021-07-30

  

  Recently we have demonstrated that the synthesis of cysteinyl-LTs from LTA4 by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) is directly associated with the activation of the CysLT2 receptor (CysLT2R) in a typical autocrine fashion, and that solely the CysLT2R is responsible for the increase in in

• On the basis of the published articles it is

  2021-07-30

  

  On the basis of the published articles, it is known that chemokines are produced by leukocytes and tissue cells, constitutively or after induction. Chemokines are responsible for the recruitment of leukocytes to maintain proper functioning of the immune system [14]. They exist in the central nervous

• Ispinesib Some studies have demonstrated that BMSCs can prov

  2021-07-30

  

  Some studies have demonstrated that BMSCs can provide several trophic and growth factors that play important roles in cell survival, angiogenesis, and BMSC differentiation, but not cell replacement (Peled et al., 1999, Shen et al., 2007, Ji et al., 2004). This paracrine effect of BMSCs is a potentia

• The results of bisaryl ether linker study are shown in

  2021-07-30

  

  The results of bisaryl ether linker study are shown in . It was found that the methylene linker () moderately improved the binding to the DP receptor. The increased binding potency was also diminished in the presence of plasma, possibly due to higher plasma protein binding. Other linkers, such as th

• Our structures also provide new

  2021-07-30

  

  Our structures also provide new insights into CRTH2 drug development. The ligand binding pocket revealed by our structures comprises many aromatic residues and a few polar residues at the distal end. Correspondingly, most CRTH2 antagonists share a similar structural feature characterized by an aceta

• Opiate withdrawal promotes the activation

  2021-07-30

  

  Opiate withdrawal promotes the activation of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system, a major coordinator of neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to stressors. For instance, early (8–48 h) morphine withdrawal is associated with increased CRF mRNA expression in the central nucleus of the a

• In rats exposed to day of nicotine withdrawal h after

  2021-07-30

  

  In rats exposed to 1 day of nicotine withdrawal (24 h after the last nicotine administration) we expected a decrease of general locomotor activity and a decrease of global striatal dopamine release, which were assessed in a previous study following 14 days of nicotine exposure and 24 h of nicotine w

• In rats exposed to day of nicotine

  2021-07-30

  

  In rats exposed to 1 day of nicotine withdrawal (24 h after the last nicotine administration) we expected a decrease of general locomotor activity and a decrease of global striatal dopamine release, which were assessed in a previous study following 14 days of nicotine exposure and 24 h of nicotine w

• The work described by Dong

  2021-07-29

  

  The work described by Dong, Groves, and co-workers (11) tested the hypothesis that neural stem cell development is sensitive to the clustering and mechanical state of the EphB4:ephrin-B2 receptor-ligand complex. They show that the quality of ephrin-B2-ligand signaling depends on its biophysical stat

• Notably we demonstrated that EP EP receptor

  2021-07-29

  

  Notably we demonstrated that EP2/EP4 receptor-coupled activation of the cAMP signaling pathway accounted for both up-regulation of COX-2 and down-regulation of LOX, which is consistent with the roles of the cAMP signaling pathway in regulation of COX-2 and LOX by PGE2 in a number of other tissues or

• br STAR Methods br Microenvironmental niches for na ve

  2021-07-29

  

  STAR★Methods Microenvironmental niches for naïve and activated B cells Secondary lymphoid organs, such as the spleen and lymph nodes, are structurally and functionally compartmentalized to provide a set of microenvironmental niches that support the survival of resting B cells, as well as the a

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